Colonists of the interior relied on grazing livestock on the plains and home manufactures. They removed themselves from the authority in Buenos Aires and developed their own self-sufficient culture. On the contrary, colonists in Buenos Aires sought to recreate European living conditions. They controlled the trade and established their own government. The nobility and the clergy still maintained power and privileges.(C)
Argentina became independent with great loss of territory and conflict among social groups. There was strife on controlling large estates and taxes in Buenos Aires; people of interior provinces demanded a federal government and a national capital outside Buenos Aires. A constitution of 1853 provided Argentine people with a federal government after the overthrow of the brutal leader Juan Manuel de Rosas in 1835. Bartolomé Mitre, the first constitutional president was in charge in 1861.(C)
The leaders of Buenos Aires promoted agricultural development and encouraged Europeans to immigrate and farm the land in Argentina. Argentina remained agrarian and imported all manufactured goods that it needed from Europe. In the late 19th century, Argentina developed better means of production due to the demand for meat of better quality. However, the political and economic power was still in a small number of planters, cattle raisers and merchants. Because of massive European immigration and rapid growth of non-Argentine population, the Radical Party became the most popular party among the immigrants in order to maintain political equality. And the Radical Party is still influential up to the present day.(C)
Spaniards brought their own language – Spanish, culture, religion and technology to Argentina during the colonial period. Later when European immigrants came to reside, they brought more diverse cultural and technological change to Argentina.(C)
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